A designation is an administrative act, so removal is too: a request to the authority that made it, not an appeal to a court. This page describes the US process, where the procedure is written down in the regulations. UK, EU and UN procedures differ, and the authority pages link to each.
What the US regulations say
31 CFR 501.807 lets a person on the SDN List, or any other OFAC list, submit a petition for administrative reconsideration. The person “may submit arguments or evidence that the person believes establishes that insufficient basis exists for the sanction or that the circumstances resulting in the sanction no longer apply”.
The petitioner may also “propose remedial steps on the person’s part, such as corporate reorganization, resignation of persons from positions in a blocked entity, or similar steps, which the person believes would negate the basis for the sanction”. For a majority owner of a blocked vessel, the regulation allows proposing a sale, with proceeds placed into a blocked interest-bearing account after costs. Petitions are sent by email to OFAC.
OFAC reviews the submission and may ask for further information. A meeting can be requested, but “such meetings are not required” and OFAC may decline them before finishing its review. After it finishes, it “will provide a written decision”. The regulation sets no deadline.
Why this belongs in a site about evasion
Remediation is the part with consequences for the rest of this reference. The regulation names restructuring and resignations as steps that can negate the basis for a listing. This site’s inference, not OFAC guidance, is that a change to who owns, runs or controls an entity is therefore not suspect in itself: it is also what a legitimate delisting looks like. That is why the useful evidence in ownership restructuring is timing and consideration, not the change. A restructuring shortly before a designation, or with no real change in control, is a different fact from one made to answer a stated basis for listing.
What it does not say
The regulation does not say how long a decision takes, that a meeting will be held, or what standard the petitioner must meet beyond the “insufficient basis” or “circumstances no longer apply” formulations. Anything more specific about likelihood or timing belongs to OFAC’s practice, which this page does not attempt to characterise.