The EU list is unusual in that the list is central and the enforcement is not.
Publication
Designations take effect through regulations published in the Official Journal, and the consolidated list gathers them into a single machine-readable file. The EU Sanctions Map presents the same material by programme and is the better starting point for understanding what a given regime actually restricts.
Twenty-seven enforcement regimes
The prohibition is identical across the union because the regulation is directly applicable. Penalties, investigative capacity and licensing practice are national.
Anyone comparing enforcement outcomes across the EU is comparing member states, not comparing the EU with another jurisdiction, and aggregate statements about “EU enforcement” usually conceal very large differences between member states.